The Senegal Bichir Fish (Polypterus senegalus) is a legendary freshwater species known for its prehistoric appearance, armor-like scales, and hardy nature. Often called a “living fossil,” this fascinating fish is a favorite among monster fish and oddball aquarium enthusiasts.
What Is a Senegal Bichir?
Native to Africa, the Senegal Bichir inhabits slow-moving rivers and floodplains. It possesses both gills and a primitive lung, allowing it to breathe air—making it extremely resilient and unique in behavior.
Appearance & Size
- Juvenile Size: 8–12 cm
- Adult Size: 30–40 cm
- Coloration: Grey to pale green body with darker markings
- Body Shape: Long, cylindrical body with segmented dorsal fins
- Fins: Strong pectoral fins used for “walking”
- Swimming Level: Bottom to mid-level
Its dragon-like look and slow, deliberate movement make it a stunning centerpiece fish.
Ideal Aquarium Setup
- Tank Size: Minimum 200–250 litres
- Temperature: 24–28°C
- pH Range: 6.5–7.5
- Water Hardness: Soft to medium
- Filtration: Strong filtration with gentle water flow
- Lighting: Low to moderate
- Decor: Sand substrate, caves, driftwood, hiding spots
Tank Cover: Tight lid required (excellent jumper & air breather)
Feeding Requirements
Senegal Bichirs are carnivorous bottom feeders:
- Sinking carnivore pellets
- Frozen bloodworms and tubifex
- Prawns and shrimp
- Fish fillets
Feed once daily or every alternate day. Feeding after lights off improves response.
Behavior & Compatibility
- Generally peaceful but predatory
- Best kept alone or with large tank mates
- Will eat small fish and shrimp
- Avoid aggressive cichlids
They are intelligent and often recognize their owner.